Description

Returns the absolute value of a number.

Remark

Example

Ex. Abs(-23.1) – returns 23.1.

Description

Returns the arccosine, or inverse cosine, of a number.

Remark

The input must be from -1 to 1.

The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/PI() or use the DEGREES function.

Example

Ex. Acos(-.231) – returns 1.80390168255052.

Description

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of the given number.

Remark

The input must be a real number greater than or equal to 1.

Example

Ex. Acosh(10) – returns 2.993223.

Description

Returns the arcsine of the given number in radians, in the range -Pi/2 to Pi/2.

Remark

The input is the sine of the angle you want and must be in the range from -1 to 1.

Example

Ex. Asin(-0.5) – returns 0.5236.

Description

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number.

Remark

The input can be any real number.

NOTE. asinh(sinh(n)) returns n.

Example

Ex. Asinh(-2.5) – returns -1.64723.

Description

Returns the arctangent, inverse tangent of a number.

Remark

The input can be any real number.

Atan returns an angle given in radians in the range -Pi/2 to Pi/2.

Example

Ex. Atan(1) – returns 0.785398 (pi/4).

Description

Returns the angle from the x-axis to a line containing the origin (0, 0) and a point with coordinates (x,y).

Remark

The input requires two values, the x and y coordinates.

NOTE. If both x,y are 0, then Atan2 will return the error #Div/0!

A negative result represents a clockwise angle.

Example

Ex. Atan2(1, 1) – returns 0.785398 (pi/4).

Description

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number.

Remark

The input must be from -1 to 1.

NOTE. Atanh(tanh(n)) returns n.

Example

Ex. Atanh(.76159416) – returns 1 (approximately).

Description

Returns the number rounded up, away from zero, to the nearest multiple of significance.

Remark

The input requires two values, the number to be rounded and the multiple of significance.

Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero.

NOTE. If the argument is non-numeric, then Ceiling returns the error #VALUE!

Example

Ex. Ceiling(4.42,.05) – returns 4.45.

Description

Returns the cosine, of an angle in radians.

Remark

The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/PI() or use the DEGREES function.

Example

Ex. Cos(1.047) – returns 0.500171.

Description

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.

Example

Ex. Cos(4) – returns 27.30823.

Description

Returns a number rounded up to the nearest even integer.

Remark

Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded away from zero.

NOTE. If the number is non-numeric, then EVEN returns the error #VALUE!

Example

Ex. Even(1.5) – returns 2.

Description

Returns e raised to the power of the input.

Remark

Exp is the inverse of Ln, the natural logarithm.

Example

Ex. Exp(1) – returns 2.718282 (the approximate value of e).

Description

Returns the first argument rounded to the number of decimal places specified in the second argument.

Remark

Takes three arguments:

1. The number you want to round.
2. The number of digits to the right of the decimal to include.
3. (Optional) TRUE/FALSE whether to omit commas. The default is FALSE (includes commas as normal).

Example

Ex. Fixed(1234.5678, 2) – returns 1,234.56.

Description

Rounds the number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of significance.

Remark

The input requires two values, the number to be rounded, and the multiple of significance.

Regardless of the sign of number, a value is down toward zero.

NOTE. If the argument is non-numeric, then Floor returns the error #VALUE!

Example

Ex. Floor(2.6, .5) – returns 2.5.

Description

Returns a numeric string value whose format is based on the session format.

Remark

Only accepts numeric values as input.

Example

Ex. GlobalNumericFormat({Region.Population})- returns the value based on the session format.

Description

Rounds a number down to the nearest integer.

Remark

The input must be a real number.

Example

Ex. Int(2.6) – returns 2.

Description

Returns the natural logarithm of a number.

Remark

LN is the inverse of the EXP function.

Example

Ex. Ln(86) – returns 4.454347.

Description

Returns the logarithm of a number to the base you specify.

Remark

The first input is the number and the second is the base (if omitted base 10 used).

Example

Ex. Log(100) – returns 2.

Description

Returns the base 10 logarithm of a number.

Remark

Example

Ex. Log10(86) – returns 1.934498451.

Description

Returns the remainder after first argument is divided by the second argument.

Remark

The second argument must not be 0.

Example

Ex. Mod(27,5) – returns 2.

Description

Returns a number rounded up to the nearest odd integer.

Remark

The input must be a real number. Odd always rounds away from zero.

Example

Ex. Mod(1.5) – returns 3.

Description

Returns the number 3.14159265358979, the mathematical constant pi, accurate to 15 digits.

Remark

Example

Ex. Pi() – returns 3.14159265358979.

Description

Returns the result of the first argument raised to the second argument.

Remark

The operator ^ may be used instead of this function.

Example

Ex. Power(5,2) – returns 25.

Description

Returns the product of the arguments.

Remark

The * symbol may be used in place of product.

Arguments must be numbers, cell references or text representations of numbers.

Example

Ex. Product(5,2) – returns 10. Also 5 * 2 - returns 10.

Description

Returns the integer portion of a division.

Remark

The / symbol may be used in place of product.

This function discards the remainder of the division.

Example

Ex. Quotient(5,2) – returns 2. Also 5/2 – returns 2.

Description

Returns an evenly-distributed random number between 0 and 1 (inclusive).

Remark

To generate a random real number between a and b, use: RAND()*(b-a)+a.

Example

Ex. Rand() – returns a random number between 0 and 1.

Description

Returns a rounded number.

Remark

Takes one or two input:

The number to round.
2.  The number of decimal places desired.

Example

Ex. Round(5.236, 2) – returns 5.24

Description

Returns the sine of the given angle.

Remark

The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/PI() or use the DEGREES function.

Example

Ex. Sin(1.047) – returns .0865926611287823.

Description

Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number.

Remark

Example

Ex. Sinh(4) – returns 27.1899171971278.

Description

Returns the positive square root of the argument.

Remark

If the input is negative Sqrt returns the error #NUM!.

Example

Ex. Sqrt(25) – returns 5.

Description

Returns the tangent of the given angle.

Remark

The returned angle is given in radians in the range 0 (zero) to pi. If you want to convert the result from radians to degrees, then multiply it by 180/PI() or use the DEGREES function.

Example

Ex. Tan(.785) – returns .99920.

Description

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number.

Remark

Example

Ex. Tanh(-2) – returns .96403.

Description

Truncates a number to an integer by removing the fractional part of the number.

Remark

INT and TRUNC are different only when using negative numbers: TRUNC (-4.3) returns -4, but INT (-4.3) returns -5 because -5 is the lower number.

Example

Ex. Truncate(9.9) – returns 9.